{
  "id": "CVE-2021-3560",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2021-3560",
  "published": "2022-02-16T19:15:08.450Z",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T04:05:20.767Z",
  "score": 7.8,
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss_version": "3.1",
  "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "score_source": "NVD",
  "epss": 0.23708,
  "epss_percentile": 0.97763,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2023-05-12",
    "due": "2023-06-02",
    "action": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
    "ransomware": "Unknown",
    "name": "Red Hat Polkit Incorrect Authorization Vulnerability",
    "notes": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1961710; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3560"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "polkit project",
    "debian",
    "canonical",
    "redhat"
  ],
  "products": [
    "polkit"
  ],
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-863",
    "CWE-754"
  ],
  "description": "It was found that polkit could be tricked into bypassing the credential checks for D-Bus requests, elevating the privileges of the requestor to the root user. This flaw could be used by an unprivileged local attacker to, for example, create a new local administrator. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Primary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": null,
    "cvss_v31": 7.8,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172836/polkit-Authentication-Bypass.html",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory",
        "VDB Entry"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/172846/Facebook-Fizz-Denial-Of-Service.html",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory",
        "VDB Entry"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1961710",
      "tags": [
        "Issue Tracking",
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.blog/2021-06-10-privilege-escalation-polkit-root-on-linux-with-bug/",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-3560",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3560",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}