{
  "id": "CVE-2021-42278",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2021-42278",
  "published": "2021-11-10T01:19:44.300Z",
  "modified": "2026-08-19T19:22:57.137Z",
  "score": 7.5,
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss_version": "3.1",
  "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "score_source": "microsoft.com",
  "epss": 0.73297,
  "epss_percentile": 0.99451,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2022-04-11",
    "due": "2022-05-02",
    "action": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
    "ransomware": "Known",
    "name": "Microsoft Active Directory Domain Services Privilege Escalation Vulnerability",
    "notes": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42278"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "Microsoft"
  ],
  "products": [
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2012",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2016",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2019",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)",
    "Microsoft Windows Server 2022",
    "Microsoft Windows Server version 2004",
    "Microsoft Windows Server version 20H2"
  ],
  "cwes": [],
  "description": "Active Directory Domain Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Secondary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": null,
    "cvss_v31": 7.5,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2021-42278",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-42278",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-42278",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42278",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}