{
  "id": "CVE-2023-27992",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2023-27992",
  "published": "2023-06-19T12:15:09.433Z",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T05:46:20.047Z",
  "score": 9.8,
  "severity": "critical",
  "cvss_version": "3.1",
  "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "score_source": "zyxel.com.tw",
  "epss": 0.82828,
  "epss_percentile": 0.99664,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2023-06-23",
    "due": "2023-07-14",
    "action": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
    "ransomware": "Unknown",
    "name": "Zyxel Multiple NAS Devices Command Injection Vulnerability",
    "notes": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-pre-authentication-command-injection-vulnerability-in-nas-products; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27992"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "Zyxel"
  ],
  "products": [
    "Zyxel NAS326 firmware",
    "Zyxel NAS540 firmware",
    "Zyxel NAS542 firmware"
  ],
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-78"
  ],
  "description": "The pre-authentication command injection vulnerability in the Zyxel NAS326 firmware versions prior to V5.21(AAZF.14)C0, NAS540 firmware versions prior to V5.21(AATB.11)C0, and NAS542 firmware versions prior to V5.21(ABAG.11)C0 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some operating system (OS) commands remotely by sending a crafted HTTP request.",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Secondary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": null,
    "cvss_v31": 9.8,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-pre-authentication-command-injection-vulnerability-in-nas-products",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-27992",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27992",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}