{
  "id": "CVE-2023-40044",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2023-40044",
  "published": "2023-09-27T15:18:57.307Z",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T06:15:55.110Z",
  "score": 8.8,
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss_version": "3.1",
  "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "score_source": "NVD",
  "epss": 0.90355,
  "epss_percentile": 0.99798,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2023-10-05",
    "due": "2023-10-26",
    "action": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.",
    "ransomware": "Known",
    "name": "Progress WS_FTP Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability",
    "notes": "https://community.progress.com/s/article/WS-FTP-Server-Critical-Vulnerability-September-2023; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40044"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "Progress Software Corporation"
  ],
  "products": [
    "Progress Software Corporation WS_FTP Server"
  ],
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-502"
  ],
  "description": "In WS_FTP Server versions prior to 8.7.4 and 8.8.2, a pre-authenticated attacker could leverage a .NET deserialization vulnerability in the Ad Hoc Transfer module to execute remote commands on the underlying WS_FTP Server operating system.",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Primary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": null,
    "cvss_v31": 8.8,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/174917/Progress-Software-WS_FTP-Unauthenticated-Remote-Code-Execution.html",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory",
        "VDB Entry"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://attackerkb.com/topics/bn32f9sNax/cve-2023-40044",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://censys.com/cve-2023-40044/",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://community.progress.com/s/article/WS-FTP-Server-Critical-Vulnerability-September-2023",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.assetnote.io/resources/research/rce-in-progress-ws-ftp-ad-hoc-via-iis-http-modules-cve-2023-40044",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.progress.com/ws_ftp",
      "tags": [
        "Product"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2023/09/29/etr-critical-vulnerabilities-in-ws_ftp-server/",
      "tags": [
        "Broken Link",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.theregister.com/2023/10/02/ws_ftp_update/",
      "tags": [
        "Press/Media Coverage",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-40044",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40044",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}