{
  "id": "CVE-2025-32433",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2025-32433",
  "published": "2025-04-16T22:15:14.373Z",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T09:11:59.137Z",
  "score": 10,
  "severity": "critical",
  "cvss_version": "3.1",
  "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "score_source": "github.com",
  "epss": 0.98786,
  "epss_percentile": 0.99926,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2025-06-09",
    "due": "2025-06-30",
    "action": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.",
    "ransomware": "Unknown",
    "name": "Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability",
    "notes": "This vulnerability affects a common open-source project, third-party library, or a protocol used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2 ; https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-erlang-otp-ssh-xyZZy ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32433"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "erlang"
  ],
  "products": [
    "erlang otp"
  ],
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-306"
  ],
  "description": "Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials. This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Secondary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": null,
    "cvss_v31": 10,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/0fcd9c56524b28615e8ece65fc0c3f66ef6e4c12",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/6eef04130afc8b0ccb63c9a0d8650209cf54892f",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/b1924d37fd83c070055beb115d5d6a6a9490b891",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/16/2",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/1",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/2",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/18/6",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/19/1",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00028.html",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250425-0001/",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/ProDefense/CVE-2025-32433/blob/main/CVE-2025-32433.py",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-erlang-otp-ssh-xyZZy",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-32433",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32433",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}