{
  "id": "CVE-2025-62593",
  "url": "https://spydr.io/cve/CVE-2025-62593",
  "published": "2025-11-26T23:15:47.927Z",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T19:17:15.957Z",
  "score": 9.4,
  "severity": "critical",
  "cvss_version": "4.0",
  "vector": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
  "score_source": "github.com",
  "epss": 0.62459,
  "epss_percentile": 0.99167,
  "exploited": true,
  "kev": {
    "added": "2026-08-17",
    "due": "2026-08-20",
    "action": "Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.",
    "ransomware": "Unknown",
    "name": "Ray-Project Ray Code Injection Vulnerability",
    "notes": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v ; https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09 ; BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593"
  },
  "ssvc_exploitation": "active",
  "vendors": [
    "ray-project"
  ],
  "products": [
    "ray-project ray"
  ],
  "cwes": [
    "CWE-94",
    "CWE-352"
  ],
  "description": "Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string \"Mozilla\" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.",
  "status": "Analyzed",
  "score_type": "Secondary",
  "scores": {
    "cvss_v40": 9.4,
    "cvss_v31": 8.8,
    "cvss_v30": null
  },
  "references": [
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v",
      "tags": [
        "Exploit",
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593",
      "tags": [
        "US Government Resource"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "nvd_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62593",
  "covered_in": [],
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "NVD",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov",
      "notice": "This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD."
    },
    {
      "source": "CISA KEV",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "notice": "Known exploited vulnerabilities from the CISA KEV catalog."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss",
      "notice": "Exploit prediction scores from FIRST EPSS."
    }
  ]
}